From 1 December 2022，All production、560% of imports and sales kWFollowing（Including 560 kW）Non-road mobile machinery and its diesel engine shall conform to“Guo Si”Emission standard requirements。“Guo Si”Times——It's about to begin，How is China's construction machinery industry preparing?？What is the far-reaching impact of standard switching on the industry?？When policy tightens、Technology change、Key Nodes for Market Adjustment to Accelerate Convergence，How can enterprises develop rapidly?？The author interviewed Wang Jinxing, deputy secretary general of China Construction Machinery Industry Association, on a series of issues.。

Figure  Wang Jinxing, deputy secretary general of China Construction Machinery Industry Association

Upgrading of emission standards is the general trend

Air pollution is one of the major global environmental problems.。Wang Jinxing said，Improve air quality、Reducing pollutant emissions is the direction of joint efforts of all countries in the world.。Off-road mobile machinery emission is one of the important sources of air pollution in China.，The need to control the emission of pollutants is also very urgent.。With nitrogen oxides（NOx）For example，Construction machinery emissions accounted for 31% of the total emissions from non-road mobile sources.3%，Second only to agricultural machinery。Wang Jinxing explained，The main power of construction machinery is diesel engine.，Diesel combustion releases a lot of pollutants.。He stressed，Pecially nitrogen oxides and particulate matter（PM）It pollutes the environment，At the same time, it is easy to cause greenhouse effect.。At the same time，These pollutants can cause great damage to the human respiratory system and immune system.。

Standard upgrading can effectively reduce the emission of pollutants from construction machinery.。Compared with the third country，Nitrogen oxide emissions of single equipment in the fourth country are reduced by 13 percent~45%，Reduce particulate emissions by 50 percent%~94%。Wang Jinxing is very sure.，The standard upgrade has greatly reduced pollutant emissions.，Pecially nitrogen oxides and particulate matter。For the industry，Standard upgrading also has the important significance of industry and industry promotion.。Wang Jinxing concluded，Standard upgrading can eliminate backward production capacity，Promoting the adjustment and upgrading of industrial structure、Promote industrial development，It is an important window for industrial upgrading.；At the same time, it can reduce the emission of pollutants.、To improve air quality.，Improving the ecological environment is of great significance.。

Excluding the four key indicators，What are the other requirements of the standard?

In 2007, China issued the emission standards for the first and second stages of non-road.，Among“Kunichi”Implemented on October 1, 2007，“Kunoji”Implemented on October 1, 2009。On April 1, 2016, the main engine of construction machinery was implemented.“Kunisan”。Emission standards and regulations for non-road mobile machinery，The United States and the European Union are in the lead.。So in the first three stages,，The limits and measurement methods required by China's emission standards are basically the same as those in Europe and the United States.，The main reason is that there are slight differences in implementation time and management methods.。“Guo Si”Standard-setting started in 2016.，Wang Jinxing recalled，Standard-setting is a long process.，Ministry of Ecology and Environment and Construction Machinery、Agricultural machinery, forestry machinery and other industries have in-depth exchanges.、Discuss repeatedly，Finally released on December 28, 2020“Guo Si”Standard，It is required to be implemented on December 1, 2022.。

Figure  The information on the website of the Ministry of Environmental Protection is different from the past.，“Guo Si”Standards no longer simply refer to European and American standards.，Instead, China's special working conditions are introduced.。Wang Jinxing explained，“Guo Si”Four key indicators of the standard（HC、CO、NOX、PM）Refer to OuⅢB，ButNH3 Reference ohmsⅣ，Number of particles（PN）Reference ohmⅤ，AndPEMSThe test conditions take full account of the actual use in China.。In addition，“Guo Si”Standard requirement 37kWPrecise positioning and remote monitoring system for installation of the above construction machinery，And networking with the Ministry of Ecology and Environment，Pay more attention to effective supervision。Differentiation of emission standards，Wang Jinxing thinks，Our country is stepping up the pace.，Accelerate the pace of pollutant discharge control，Improve the level of supervision。Like a new addition.PEMSTest、Installation of remote monitoring system and other requirements，To a certain extent, it lays a foundation for the formulation of subsequent emission standards.。

Transition to the fourth country：Uneven progress in preparation

In the traditional consciousness，Standard switching only needs to change an engine that meets the standard.。In fact，“Guo Si”More stringent standard requirements，More complicated，Switching from the third country to the fourth country is obviously no longer a simple matter of changing an engine.。Wang Jinxing gave an example，Standard switching requires the main engine and engine supplier to design in the early stage of the engine.、Joint R & D in the matching process，Meanwhile, the Ministry of Ecology and EnvironmentVECCCarry out networking joint debugging。From Release to Implementation，“Guo Si”The standard has given the industry nearly two years to prepare.。How is the industry prepared at present?？Wang Jinxing uses it“Uneven、There is a big difference”Concluded。In the process of standard switching，How to improve technology initiative“Guo Si”Standard transition，How to speed up the iteration of product updates，It is a compulsory course for every enterprise.。While improving technology to meet pollutant limits，Wang Jinxing also stressed many times.，“Guo Si”The precise positioning and remote monitoring system required by the standard has brought opportunities for digital development to the industry.。During standard switchover，The leading enterprises in the industry represented by Sany Heavy Industry have responded quickly to the market and information.——Layout in advance，In the engine、Post-processing technology、Appearance and other aspects of a comprehensive upgrade.。For such a well-prepared enterprise，Wang Jinxing spoke highly of it.：Very well prepared、The basic work is solid.，Walk in the forefront of the industry，“There is no problem in completing the standard switchover”。

 

 Figure  Sany Heavy Machinery National IV Emission Excavator Products“Ready to go”For those enterprises that are slightly underprepared，Wang Jinxing also gave pertinent suggestions.：On the one hand, strengthen in-depth communication with engine enterprises.，Ensure all preparations for standard switchover are completed，At the same time, we will accelerate the establishment of an Internet platform.，Actively seize the important opportunities of digital transformation。

Behind the Similar Technical Routes“Great wisdom”

“Guo Si”The standard not only improves the limit requirements of the four key indicators.，At the same time, the technical route has been clarified.：37~560kWNon-road mobile machinery should be equipped with wall-flow particulate matter feeder.（DPF）。Incremental costs associated with the addition of aftertreatment systems，Wang Jinxing introduced，A setSCR+DPFIt will increase the cost by more than twenty or thirty thousand yuan.，For high power equipment，The price is close to seventy or eighty thousand，Even more than one hundred thousand yuan.。On the Digestion Channel of Cost Increment，Wang Jinxing spoke bluntly，Standard upgrades result in incremental costs，This requires a manufacturer、Users share the responsibility，Jointly promote the progress and development of the construction machinery industry。Engine parameter tuning for price-sensitive small equipment，Basically satisfied“Guo Si”Standard。For the overall cost、Fuel consumption efficiency is more concerned about small excavation and partial medium excavation.，InstallationDPFIt is a common technical route.。It is understood that，DPFIt is currently the most effective in the world.、One of the most direct ways to improve diesel particulate emissions。This technology can effectively purify 70% of the tail gas%~90%Particulate matter。Wang Jinxing thinks，DPFTechnology can effectively controlPMAndPN，It is the mainstream technology route.。Large-scale equipment is mainly used in the suburbs of mines.，Oil products are difficult to guarantee，DPFAndSCRThe combined technical route has better operability.。This is becauseSCRThe technology has strong adaptability to oil products.，At the same time, the fuel economy is better.，It can effectively reduce operating costs.。This shows that，Behind the similar technical routes is more cost control.、Technical feasibility、Comprehensive consideration of many factors such as application scenarios。

Where does the high pollution equipment go?——“Guo Si”Sequela？

“Guo Si”The implementation of standards will also bring about a chain reaction.——Elimination and Upgrading of Construction Machinery in Use。In actual use，Construction Machinery in Use Should Meet Two Construction Thresholds。Wang Jinxing concluded，First, more than 300 prefecture-level cities across the country have set up low-emission zones.，Prohibit the entry of equipment with high pollution emission，SecondGBSmoke emission limits specified by 36886.。

The number of construction machinery is about 10 million.，Wang Jinxing introduced，The number of equipment owned by a country and below is 100.~2 million，These equipments can not meet the construction requirements of low emission area.，And most of the smoke values exceed the standard.。

Where these highly polluting equipment will go is a key question.。Wang Jinxing said this.，At present, there are no systematic standards and regulations in China.，Clear the withdrawal and elimination of old construction machinery。

However, as an important province of construction machinery industry cluster,——Shandong Province Releases Positive Signals，The hope may serve as a model in the years to come.。Nine departments, including the Department of Ecological Environment of Shandong Province, jointly issued《Work Plan for Pollution Emission Control of Non-road Mobile Machinery in Shandong Province》，The scheme defines the elimination mechanism of old equipment.，The main targets of elimination are“Kunichi”Non-road mobile machinery with the following emission standards or used for more than 15 years，Take the lead in selecting individual cities to carry out pilot projects，Supporting subsidy funds，Adjust and push forward according to the pilot situation。

Wang Jinxing thinks，The state has a call to eliminate and withdraw old equipment.，The real implementation depends on the local government.。At the same time, he has repeatedly suggested that relevant departments introduce corresponding exit mechanisms.，And give certain subsidies.。For equipment meeting low emission zone emission standard，Add aftertreatment system，Controllable particulate matter emission，Prevent“Black smoke”The situation happened，Meet the construction requirements for mobilization。The more than 300 low-emission zones mentioned above mainly restrict the entry of equipment with national standards and below and smoke exceeding the standard.。Although yes“Kunoji”The device is not explicitly limited，However, the policy of bidding for some key projects is inclined to“Kunisan”Equipment。Under the trend of stricter environmental protection policies，After standard upgrade switchover，The balance of bidding for key projects may be inclined to the latest.“Guo Si”Equipment。In order not to affect the construction mobilization and project progress，It is suggested that industry enterprises take the initiative to transition to the fourth country.，Promote the sustainable and high-quality development of China's construction machinery industry。

Reasonable planning of inventory，Firm confidence in the steady development of the industry

According to China Construction Machinery Industry Association，2022 1-September，119990 of domestic sales volume of excavator，Year-on-year decline of 48.3%；59353 of Loader Sales in Domestic Market，Year-on-year decline of 31.3%。Not only that，Most of the other products of construction machinery have also declined to a certain extent.。2022 1-4,438 bulldozers in August，Down 11. 5% year on year.3%；Truck crane 1894 3 sets，Year-on-year decline of 53.8%；2125 crawler cranes，Year-on-year decline of 29.4%；13579 platform of truck crane，Year-on-year decline of 29.6%；10502 road rollers，Year-on-year decline of 30%；1063 pavers，Year-on-year decline of 44.5%。In fact，Wang Jinxing reminded many times，Enterprises should adjust the engine procurement plan in real time according to market conditions.，Control inventory at a reasonable level。Short-term market adjustment is inevitable.，Country Series“Steady growth”Policies have laid a macro foundation for the steady development of the industry.，The general trend of construction machinery in the medium and long term has never changed。From the end of 2021，The relevant meetings of the Central Committee have put forward moderately advanced infrastructure construction.，By April, the meeting of the Central Financial and Economic Commission and the meeting of the Political Bureau of the State Council had emphasized the strengthening of infrastructure construction.，Issued by the State Council in May《A package of policies and measures to stabilize the economy》Thirty-three measures in six areas aimed at stabilizing economic development。August 2022，The State Council has deployed and implemented 19 successive policies and measures to stabilize the economic package.，Will form a combination effect，Strengthen efforts to consolidate the foundation for economic recovery and development。After the alleviation of the epidemic, it has gradually ushered in the peak season of construction.，Country Series“Steady growth”Policies play an efficient role，Superimpose the bright performance of export growth，The policy effect is gradually highlighted.，The fundamentals are gradually being repaired.。Sales volume of excavators in September 2022 is 21187.，Year-on-year growth of 5.49%，9668 sets of loaders sold，Year-on-year growth of 0.7%。Perhaps the market will be short-term shocks.，Facing the coming“Guo Si”Times，We still believe in the construction machinery industry.，It will continue to develop upward with a steady attitude.！